Magnetic monopoles from gauge theory phase transitions
نویسنده
چکیده
Thermal fluctuations of the gauge field lead to monopole formation at the grand unified phase transition in the early universe, even if the transition is merely a smooth crossover. The dependence of the produced monopole density on various parameters is qualitatively different from theories with global symmetries, and the monopoles have a positive correlation at short distances. The number density of monopoles may be suppressed if the grand unified symmetry is only restored for a short time by, for instance, non-thermal symmetry restoration after preheating.
منابع مشابه
Impact of Z2 monopoles and vortices on the deconfinement transition
Suppressing Z2-monopoles shifts the line of deconfinement transitions in the coupling plane of the SU(2) lattice gauge theory with a mixed Villain form of action but it still continues to behave also like the bulk transition line. Separate deconfinement and bulk phase transitions are found on the same lattice, suggesting the two to be indeed coincident at higher adjoint couplings. Universality ...
متن کاملOn the Phase Diagram of the SU ( 2 ) Adjoint Higgs Model in 2 + 1 Dimensions
The phase diagram is investigated for SU(2) lattice gauge theory in d = 3, coupled to adjoint scalars. For small values of the quartic scalar coupling, λ, the transition separating Higgs and confinement phases is found to be first-order, in agreement with earlier work by Nadkarni. The surface of second-order transitions conjectured by Nadkarni, however, is shown instead to correspond to crossov...
متن کاملZ 2 Monopoles , Vortices , and The Deconfinement Transition in Mixed Action SU ( 2 ) Gauge Theory
Adding separate chemical potentials λ and γ for Z2-monopoles and vortices respectively in the Villain form of the mixed fundamental-adjoint action for the SU(2) lattice gauge theory, we investigate their role in the interplay between the deconfinement and bulk phase transitions using Monte Carlo techniques. Setting λ to be nonzero, we find that the line of deconfinement transitions is shifted i...
متن کاملSuppression of Superheavy Magnetic Monopoles in Grand Unified Theories
The superheavy magnetic monopoles predicted by grand unified theories would not be produced in significant numbers if electromagnetic gauge invariance is spontaneously broken when the temperature T is greater than T, 2 1 TeV. Grand unified theories predict the existence of superheavy magnetic monopoles.1-7 These monopoles are of the type discovered by 't Hooft and Polyakov.6 They exist if a sem...
متن کاملResolution of Gauss’ law in Yang-Mills theory by Gauge Invariant Projection: Topology and Magnetic Monopoles
An efficient way of resolving Gauss’ law in Yang-Mills theory is presented by starting from the projected gauge invariant partition function and integrating out one spatial field variable. In this way one obtains immediately the description in terms of unconstrained gauge invariant variables which was previously obtained by explicitly resolving Gauss’ law in a modified axial gauge. In this gaug...
متن کامل